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| %
responses 2003 ('99) |
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| y4
|
y8 |
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| Point to picture 1: skeletons on the outside of their bodies. | |||||||||||||
| 1.
Look at this set. Why might it be good for some animals, like these, to
have skeletons on the outside of their bodies? |
protection
plus other valid idea |
5
(15) |
13
(21) |
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protection
only |
57
(56) |
68
(67) |
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| 2.
What might be not so good about having skeletons on the outside of their
bodies? |
reduced
flexibility, ability to get into places |
9
(5) |
19
(19) |
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skeleton
more easily broken/crushed |
38
(38) |
42
(37) |
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| Point to picture 2:skeletons on the inside of their bodies. | |||||||||||||
| 3.
This set has bones on the inside of their bodies. You and I belong to
this set. What might be good about having bones on the inside of your
body? |
supports
body structure/shape |
4
(9) |
10
(25) |
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protects
soft structures |
7
(8) |
9
(18) |
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bones
protected, harder to break |
25
(26) |
39
(18) |
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allows
more flexibility and easy movement |
34
(20) |
39
(16) |
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| 4.
What might be not so good about having bones on the inside of your body?
|
harder
to check for or repair bone damage |
9 (12) |
23
(20) |
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bones
damage other tissues or organs when broken |
5
(7) |
8
(12) |
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body
less protected from damage/predators (cf. outside
skeleton) |
21
(23) |
34
(27) |
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| Point to picture 3: animals with no skeleton. | |||||||||||||
| 5. What might be good about having no skeleton? | body
highly flexible |
47 (42) |
75
(65) |
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no
bones to break/damage |
21
(16) |
31
(22) |
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| 6.
What might be not so good about having no skeleton? |
more
susceptible to tissue damage and predators |
33
(28) |
46
(43) |
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constraints
on movement |
19
(27) |
22
(17) |
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floppy
– not well supported |
25
(13) |
32
(18) |
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did
student at any time take the perspective of a predator or enemy (switching advantages and disadvantages) |
19
(28) |
26
(23) |
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Total
score: |
10–18 |
1 (0) |
7
(2) |
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7–9
|
21
(22) |
43
(41) |
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4–6
|
44
(43) |
41
(41) |
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0–3
|
34
(35) |
9
(16) |
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| Commentary About 25 percent more year 8 than year 4 students achieved a total score higher than 6. There was no meaningful change in performance between 1999 and 2003 for year 4 students, but a moderate improvement for year 8 students. |
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